Project description

Carbon Limits provided analytical support to inform on up-to-date technological developments and readiness and economics around (partly) fossil-based hydrogen production pathways. 

For 5 case studies, two tasks are performed:

Task 1 - Overview of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) intensity for hydrogen (H2) used in the EU, for current and Best Available Technologies (BAT) scenarios up until 2050

Task 2 - High-level assessment of value chain actors and state-of-the-art MRV

The 5 case studies:

1.  LNG imported from the US to Europe - production of blue H2 with imported LNG. CO2 is transported to Norway for storage.
2.  Gas imported from Algeria to Europe via pipeline - production of blue H2 in Europe. CO2 is transported to Norway for storage.
3.  Blue H2 is produced in Norway (with domestic gas produced), with CO2 stored in Norway and H2 transported by offshore pipeline to another European country.
4.  Biogas-based H2 production in Europe, with CO2 transported to Norway for storage.
5.  Green H2 is produced in the US and exported as green ammonia by ship to Europe. Re-converted to H2 in the importing country.